AP Count — Coverage Model

• Design intent (auto-derived): scored from Density + DL/UL throughput + Use Case → Coverage / Balanced / Capacity-Oriented. No manual design goal needed.
• Indoor base: Coverage 25,000 · Balanced 17,500 · Capacity 10,000 sq ft/AP
• Outdoor base: Env. baseline × intent factor (Coverage 1.0 · Balanced 0.70 · Capacity 0.45)
• Clutter: Low 1.0× · Medium 0.8× · High 0.6×
• 5G DL scale (US): relative to 20 MHz LTE baseline: DLscale = 10^(10·log10(BW/20)/10) → 20 MHz=1.0×, 40 MHz=2.0×, 100 MHz=5.0×
• EMEA DL scale: ΔP = 10·log10(P/5W); DLscale = 10^(ΔP/10)
• UL cap: Handset 1.1× · Ext. Antenna 1.25× · CPE 1.5×. Auto = min(DLscale, ULcap)
• Coverage formula: APs_cov = ⌈ Area ÷ (Base × Clutter × Auto × Stance) × (1 + Buffer) ⌉

AP Count — Capacity Model

• Effective devices: Density count × 0.65 concurrency factor
• Per-device representative BW: DL — Light 2 / Moderate 20 / High 75 Mbps; UL — Low 0.5 / Moderate 5 / High 25 Mbps
• Cell capacity: read from 5G SA TDD tables (frame format × BW × UL MIMO) or LTE G100 tables (Config × carrier)
• Capacity formula: APs_cap = max( ⌈ TotalDL ÷ CellDL ⌉, ⌈ TotalUL ÷ CellUL ⌉ )
• Final count: APs = max(APs_cov, APs_cap) — the binding constraint is shown in the result

TDD Frame Direction

• Direction score derived from use case + UL throughput + DL throughput
• Surveillance & Machine Vision = UL-dominant → DSUUU / 2D1S7U or LTE Config 6
• AR/VR & AGV = DL-dominant → 7D1S2U / DDDSU or LTE Config 2
• General / IoT = balanced → DDDSU or LTE Config 1